Fig. 5From: A partitioned material point method and discrete element method coupling schemeCalculation of contact forces in DEM and influence of the MPM partition. a One DEM particle calculates one resulting contact force, affecting only a limited number of background grid nodes in the MPM partition. b By clustering the DEM particles, also suited for arbitrarily shaped particles, the contact forces are distributed over the interface, leading to an accurate interface representationBack to article page