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Table 1 Engine specifications and operational conditions

From: Investigation of pollutants formation in a diesel engine using numerical simulation

Bore \(\times \) Stroke

150 \(\times \) 180 mm

Engine displacement (1 cylinder)

3.18086 L

Compression ratio

13.1

Nozzle diameter

0.254 mm

Fuel

Decane \(C_{10}H_{22}\)

Fuel injected per orifice

29.58 mg/cycle

Injection pressure

120 MPa

Injection start timing

\(691^\circ \) CA

Injection duration

\(20^\circ \) CA

Spray direction

\(70^\circ \) with the cylinder axis

Coordinates of spray emanation point

\(x=0, y=0, z=2e^{-5}\) m

Engine speed

2000 rpm

Number of nozzle orifices

6

Intake valve closed (IVC)

\(570^\circ \) CA

Exhaust valve opened (EVO)

\(833^\circ \) CA

Swirl number at IVC

1.3