Fig. 12

Pattern transformation due to macroscopically driven swelling of a periodic RVE. Due to swelling of the matrix, the microscopic inclusions initially shrink homogeneously. Then, at a critical loading point, the periodic RVE undergoes a pattern transformation such that the initially circular inclusions deform to non-circular shapes. The contour shows the \(P_{11}\) component of the first Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor \({{\varvec{P}}}\) at three different time steps for an RVE build out of four unit cells