Specimen | Loading type | Experimental buckling load | \(\frac{\Lambda _{exp}}{\Lambda _{E}}\) | \(\frac{\Lambda _{exp}}{\Lambda _{NL}}\) | \(\frac{\Lambda _{exp}}{\Lambda _{NLP}}\) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | Pressure | 0.054 MPa | 2.7 | 0.99 | 0.93 |
C2 | Pressure | 0.046 MPa | 2.6 | 0.85 | 0.87 |
C3 | Axial load | 6200 N | 0.48 | 0.97 | 1.0 |
C4 | Axial load | 5100 N | 0.39 | 0.78 | 0.83 |